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Common problems of photovoltaic power plants

photovoltaic power plants

  After the photovoltaic power station is built, operation and maintenance is a very important link. Correct operation and maintenance can not only increase the power generation, but also prolong the service life of equipment and power stations .

A: In the operation and maintenance of the power station, how to increase the power generation?

  Keep the surface of photovoltaic modules clean and avoid shade from dirt. Clean up the weeds and trees that shade the photovoltaic array in time.

  Keep the PV array well ventilated and reduce the operating temperature of the PV modules. Ensure that the cable joints and switches are in good contact to reduce line loss.

  Regularly test the output performance of photovoltaic modules, pay attention to the effect of module efficiency attenuation caused by aging, hot spots and PID, etc. If uneven attenuation of modules is found, timely adjustment or replacement measures should be taken.

B: Why should we pay attention to the ventilation of the inverter?

  The inverter is a high-power electronic device. If the heat dissipation of the inverter is not good, the internal temperature of the inverter will be too high.

  Sustained high temperature will cause cumulative damage to components such as high-power thyristors, DC bus large-capacity capacitors, integrated circuits, resistors, and inductors.

  Therefore, it is very important to install the inverter in a well-ventilated place. At the same time, in the operation and maintenance of the power station, it is necessary to ensure that the inverter is well-ventilated, the cooling fan is running well, the fan blades are not damaged, there is no dust, and the bearings are well lubricated.

  An inverter with good ventilation and normal temperature operation can not only greatly improve its service life, but also help to improve the conversion efficiency and power generation of the inverter.

Photovoltaic power station

C: How to ground the photovoltaic array?

If photovoltaic modules are installed on the roof of a building or in the wilderness, they are more likely to be struck by lightning, which will not only damage the photovoltaic power station equipment, but also cause personal safety and fire accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the grounding and lightning protection of the photovoltaic system, and do a good job in the lightning protection and safety grounding of the brackets, combiner boxes, inverters, transformers and other facilities. connect. The lightning protection grounding resistance should not be greater than 10 ohms, and the safety grounding resistance should not be greater than 4 ohms.

D: Why should we pay attention to the contact condition of the plug connector?

  At present, international standard MC4 connectors are used for the serial connection between photovoltaic modules, and the connection between module strings and combiner boxes, inverters and other equipment.

  Usually, there are thousands of such connectors in a small-scale photovoltaic power station. Their contact resistance and other working conditions are very important to the normal operation of photovoltaic power stations.

Connectors are places where failures occur frequently. The connectors of components should be protected from sunlight and rain, so as to avoid aging of connectors, corrosion of internal connectors and cables, and increase of contact resistance.

  Poor contact will cause the connector to heat up or even burn the connector, and even cause a fire if it is more serious. Therefore, during the operation and maintenance of the power station and daily maintenance, it is necessary to pay attention to and regularly check the connecting plug to ensure that there is no abnormal temperature rise.

 E: There is a fire in the power station, what firefighting measures should be taken?

  Photovoltaic power generation systems have the characteristics of AC and DC, high voltage, dual power sources, and cables exposed to sunlight and are prone to aging.

  Poor circuit insulation may cause fires, equipment failures, lightning strikes and other factors. Once an electrical fire occurs, the losses will be very heavy.

  Therefore, the principle of “prevention first” must be implemented for photovoltaic electrical fires to prevent problems before they happen.

  In the event of a fire in a power facility, the power supply must be cut off first, not only the AC power supply, but also the photovoltaic module string to cut off the DC power supply.

  In a critical situation, in order to gain the initiative to put out the fire and gain time to control the fire, you can put out the fire while ensuring personal safety, and then cut off the power at an appropriate time, but you must pay attention to safety.

  Power station fire extinguishers usually use dry powder fire extinguishers, carbon dioxide, 1211, carbon tetrachloride fire extinguishers or dry sand to extinguish fires. It is strictly forbidden to use water and foam fire extinguishers to extinguish electrical fires.

  For electric equipment such as inverters, controllers and other precision instrument circuits or tracking bracket motors, it is generally not suitable to use dry powder, sand, etc. to extinguish fires.

  Carbon dioxide, 1211, and carbon tetrachloride fire extinguishers should be used to extinguish fires to prevent debris from falling into the equipment. cause greater losses.

Summary :

A high-performance power station requires not only correct design and excellent construction quality, but also high-quality post-operation and maintenance services to allow the photovoltaic power station to operate efficiently and stably for a long time.

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